The processing forms are different due to different materials, parts, and products. The traditional processing methods include automobiles, pliers, washing, planing, grinding, etc. with the development of mechanical science and technology, electroplating, wire cutting, etc. Casting, forging, and powder processing have also appeared in machining.

Processing form

1. Turning

Turning is mainly due to the rotation of the workpiece, which is cut into the required shape by turning tools. When the tool moves along the parallel rotation axis, the formation of the cone is that the tool moves along the oblique line intersecting with the axis, and the rotation surface is formed on the profiling lathe or CNC lathe that controls the tool to feed along the curve. With the use of formed turning tools, and cross feed, addition, the thread surface, end face, and eccentric shaft can also be turned.

2. Milling

Milling mainly depends on the rotation of cutting tools. Milling is divided into horizontal milling and vertical milling. The horizontal milling plane is formed by the edge of the cylindrical surface of the milling cutter, and the vertical milling is formed by the end edge of the milling cutter. To obtain a higher cutting speed and improve productivity, the speed of the milling cutter can be increased. Due to the cutting and cutting impact of milling teeth, the cutting process is prone to vibration, which limits the improvement of surface quality.

3. Planing

Planing mainly cuts the workpiece through the reciprocating linear motion of the tool. The planing speed is relatively low, resulting in low productivity, but the planing accuracy and surface roughness are more stable than milling.

4. Grinding

Grinding mainly depends on the grinding wheel and abrasive tools to process the workpiece, which depends on the rotation of the grinding wheel. The abrasive particles in the grinding wheel are mainly used for cutting. When cutting and rubbing the surface of the workpiece, the wear particles themselves gradually blunt through grinding, making the cutting effect worse and the cutting force increase. Therefore, after grinding for some time, the wheels must be trimmed with diamond turning tools.

5. Tooth surface machining

Tooth surface processing is a new processing method, which can be divided into forming method and the development method. The forming method is mainly processed by an ordinary milling machine. The cutter is a form milling machine, which requires two simple forming motions: the rotary motion and the linear motion of the cutter. The commonly used machine tools for machining the tooth surface by stretching method include gear hobbing machine and gear shaping machine.

6. Complex surface machining

For the machining of complex surfaces, CNC machine tools are used for on-site machining. Contour milling, CNC milling, or special machining methods are mainly used for 3D surface machining. Contour milling must have a prototype as the contour model. The ball profiling head is always in contact with the surface of the prototype under certain pressure. The movement of the profiling head is transformed into inductance. Machining and amplification control the movement of the three axes of the milling cutter to form the trajectory of the cutter head moving along the curved surface. The ball mill is mainly used in conjunction with the radius of the profiling cutter head. The emergence of numerical control technology provides a more effective method for machining.

7. Special treatment

Special processing is a processing method different from traditional processing. Special processing can use physical (electrical, acoustic, optical, thermal, magnetic), chemical, or electrochemical methods to process workpiece materials so that the workpiece becomes the shape we need.

When choosing processing methods, we should consider many factors and choose appropriate processing methods to ensure the accuracy and quality of production. With the continuous development of science and technology, processing forms are also increasing. In addition to several common processing methods introduced in this paper, there are many processing methods.

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